Ivydene Gardens Cabbage Wild Flower Family Gallery:
Crucifer or Cabbage Family Page 2

Click on Underlined Text in:-

Common Name to view that Plant Description Page
Botanical Name to link to Plant or Seed Supplier
Flowering Months to view photos
Habitat to view further Natural Habitat details and Botanical Society of the British Isles Distribution Map

Crucifer Family:-

"Mostly non-woody plants, with flowers in erect spikes or heads, the 4 petals arranged clockwise, 4 sepals and usually 6 stamens. The seeds are contained in a usually beaked pod, developing above the petals." from Collins Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers by David McClintock and R.S.R. Fitter assisted by Francis Rose - ISBN 0 00 219363 9 - Eleventh Impression 1978.

"Some other superficially similar 4-petalled flowers are Greater Celandine (Poppy Family), Tormentil and other Potentillas (Rose Family), Willowherbs (Willow-Herb Family) and Bedstraws (Bedstraw Family)." from The Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe by R.Fitter, A.Fitter and M. Blamey (ISBN 0 00 219715 4 paperback 0 00 219765 0 hardback) reprinted .

Crucifer Family plant table with its Common Name - Botanical Name. Flowering Months Range. Habitat with link to that Wild Flower Gallery:-

Common Name

Botanical Name

Flowering Months

Habitat

Hutchinsia alpina

(Alpen-Gemskresse, Chamois Cress, Crystal Carpet, Rzezuszka)

Hornungia alpina

(Hutchinsia alpina, Pritzelago alpina)

March-May

Walls, Sand, Rock (bare places on limestone, walls and sand-dunes). Is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant in gardens.

Flower on 15 May

Flowers on 15 May

Foliage on 15 May

Form on 15 May

Hutchinsia

(Zwerg-Steppenkresse, Hutchinia)

Hornungia petraea

March-May

A winter-annual of very open habitats on calcareous soils and rocks which are subject to summer drought, especially on rocky slopes on Carboniferous limestone and on fixed but open sand dunes. It also occurs as an alien on garden walls and in chalk-pits. Generally lowland, but reaching 490 m near Hawes (N.W. Yorks.).

Flower from Monsal Dale on 24 May

Flowers

Foliage

Form

Lady's Smock

(Syn. Cuckoo Flower, Berro de Prado, Cardamine des pres, Cressen, Cressonette, Meadow Cress, Saint George, Saint Jean, Spinks, Wiesen-Schaumkraut, Yabani Tere Otu)

Cardamine pratensis

April-June

A perennial herb of wet grassy places on moderately fertile, seasonally waterlogged soils in woods, wet meadows, fens and flushes. In upland areas it is also found in rush pasture and bryophyte-rich springs. It occasionally persists in gardens and lawns. It is morphologically and cytologically variable, many clones reproducing by rooting from the leaves. 0-1080 m (Ben Lawers, Mid Perth).

The Botanical Society of the British Isles (BSBI) has the following botanical keys to help you find Wild Flowers:-

"You can find interesting plants everywhere in Britain and Ireland. This site is intended to help you identify them.

On the following pages you will be presented with a questionnaire on the characteristics of the plant you are trying to identify. Fill in the form and press search, the computer will then try and identify the plant you have found.

You may also like to use the system to obtain a check-list of plants from a particular habitat or perhaps find flowers of a particular colour to grow in your garden. Feel free to experiment, there are many uses for the system.

Please feel free to send me your comments, particularly where improvements can be made.

Quentin Groom"

Using these botanical keys and that website, you should be able to identify the native plant.

Flower from Loe Bar in Cornwall on 22 May

Flowers May

Flower Buds May

Form from Ivy Hatch in Kent on 28 April

Large Bittercress

Cardamine amara

May-June

A perennial winter-green herb of streamsides and marshes, wet meadows and wet woodland, often growing in slow-moving or still water, preferring an acidic substrate and tolerant of shade. Generally lowland, but reaching 640 m in the Ochil Hills (W. Perth).

Flower from Eynsford on 21 May

Flowers from Triesenberg in Liechenstein on 19 May

Foliage from Eynsford on 21 May

Form from Eynsford on 19 May

London Rocket

(Glanz-Rauke)

Sisymbrium irio

May-August

This annual is occasionally naturalised in waste places, in pavement cracks and on roadsides, banks and walls, but is more frequently found as a casual, sometimes with grain imports and formerly as a wool alien. Lowland. London Rocket comes from its abundance after the great fire of London in 1666.

Long-Leaved Scurvy-Grass (Syn. English Scurvy-Grass, Scurvy Grass)

Cochlearia anglica

April-May

A biennial to perennial herb found in saltmarshes on soft, silty substrates, and in firmer areas of mud (and on sea-walls) near the high water mark of estuaries and tidal rivers. Unlike C. officinalis and C. danica, it is not found by roads. Lowland.

Lundy Cabbage

Rhynchosinapis wrightii

(Brassicella wrightii, Coincya wrightii)

June-August

A perennial, occasionally biennial, herb, mainly found in open communities on S.-facing cliffs. It will grow on flat ground on the tops of cliffs, but only where protected from grazing animals and shielded from invading shrubs. Recent evidence suggests that seed can be dispersed in sea water. Lowland.

Marsh Yellow Cress

(Marsh Cress, Yellow Cress, Yellow Watercress), Northern Yellow-cress)

Rorippa islandica

(Sisymbrium islandicum)

June onwards

An annual or short-lived perennial herb found in open, muddy habitats such as lake, pond and pool margins, ditch banks, depressions in pasture, in turloughs and rarely on rocks by rivers. There are also records from waste ground and tips. Lowland.

Flower

Flowers

Foliage

Form

Moretti's Sea Radish

(Mediterranean Radish, Sea Radish, Italian Wild Radish)

Raphanus landra

(Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. landra, and 8 others)

June-August

A biennial or perennial herb found in open coastal grassland, sand dunes, shingle, cliffs and disturbed ground by the sea. On parts of the east coast of Britain it grows on muddy shores. Lowland.

Flower from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Flowers from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Foliage from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Form from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Narrow-Leaved Bittercress

(Spring-Schaumkraut)

Cardamine impatiens

June-July

A biennial herb found in woodland (particularly under Fraxinus), on moist limestone rocks (including the grikes of limestone pavement) and stable screes, by rivers and on damp roadsides; rarely found as a garden escape. It is intolerant of competition, but can be invasive in recently disturbed habitats. 0-610 m (Ingleborough, Mid-W. Yorks.).

Flower June

Flowers from Rochester in Kent

Foliage from Rochester in Kent on 19 July

Form from Rochester in Kent on 19 July

Narrow-Leaved Pepperwort

(Ornamental Cress, Peppergrass, Stinkende Kresse)

Lepidium ruderale

June-August

An annual, or rarely biennial, herb of banks and bare waste land near the sea, and of salted road verges. It is also frequent as a casual of roadsides, rubbish tips, gardens and waste places. Lowland.

New Zealand Bittercress

Cardamine corymbosa

(Cardamine hirsuta var. corymbosa)

April

An annual which has spread as a horticultural contaminant and is naturalised on paths, cultivated ground, rockeries and in pavement cracks. It reproduces by seed and leaf-tip rooting. Lowland.

Flower from Rochester in Kent in April

Juvenile Seed Pod

Foliage

Form from Rochester in Kent

Northern Rock-Cress

Cardaminopsis petraea

(Arabis petraea)

June-August

A perennial herb of very open sites on acidic and basic rocks and rock ledges, on montane cliff faces and screes and on sea-cliffs. It is also found on river shingle and on serpentine fellfield in Shetland. Being a colonist of open habitats, populations can be transient at particular sites, and the species has a curiously disjunct distribution. From near sea level (Shetland) to at least 1220 m (Braeriach, S. Aberdeen).

Rape

(Canola Oil Plant, Colza, Colza Oil Plant, Field Mustard, Nabo, Naveterinary, Rapeseed, Salad Rape)

Brassica napus

April onwards

An annual or biennial, rarely perennial, herb of disturbed ground on roadsides, waste and cultivated ground, rubbish tips and docks. Lowland, but casual at 420 m at Stainmore (Westmorland). Rapeseed was the third leading source of vegetable oil in the world in 2000.

Raphanus landra (perhaps a hybrid of Sea Radish and Cultivated Radish)

Same as Moretti's Sea Radish above

Raphanus landra Moretti

June-August

Drift line and cliffs on sandy and rocky shores

Flower from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Flowers from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Foliage from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Form from Dawlish Warren in Devon in June

Rock Whitlow-Grass

Draba norvegica

May-June

A perennial tufted herb of base-rich rocks, occurring on rock ledges, in crevices in cliffs, on consolidated scree and in other bare places. Upland, from 310 m in Glendhu Forest (W. Sutherland) to 1160 m on Ben Lawers (Mid Perth), and more frequent at the higher end of that range in Scottish mountains.

Rosy Cress

Arabis rosea

(Arabis collina)

April

A tufted perennial herb found as a casual or naturalised garden escape on walls and banks. Reproduction is by seed. Lowland.

Flower in April

Flowers

Foliage in April

Form in April

Sea Kale

(Choux-Marin, Col Marina, Couve-Marinha, Meerkohl)

Crambe maritima

(Crambe pontica)

June-August

A long-lived perennial herb of shingle and boulder beaches, very occasionally found on dunes (but only where these overlay shingle) and on cliffs. It reproduces by seed and from detached pieces of root. Lowland.

Flower from Dungeness in June

Flowers from Camber on 29 May

Foliage from Dungeness in July

Form from Dungeness in Kent in July

Sea Radish

Raphanus raphanistrum ssp. maritimus

June-August

A biennial or perennial herb found in open coastal grassland, sand dunes, shingle, cliffs and disturbed ground by the sea. On parts of the east coast of Britain it grows on muddy shores. Lowland.

Sea Rocket

(Cakilier, Caquillier maritime, Oruga Maritima, Roqueta de mar, Roquette-de-mer, Strandrauke)

Cakile maritima

(Eruka marina)

June-August

An annual, predominately found on sandy seashores and on fore-dunes. It is often very frequent along the winter storm tide-line where there is a good source of nutrients. It is rarer on shingle beaches and is only an occasional casual elsewhere. Seeds are dispersed by tides. Lowland.

Flower May

Flowers October

Foliage from Shellness in August

Form from Shellness in August

Sea Stock

(Hoary Stock)

Matthiola incana

May-July

A short-lived perennial, well-naturalised on sea-cliffs, shingle and other habitats by the sea, and occasionally inland where it is more obviously a garden escape. Lowland.

Small-flowered Land-Cress (Syn. Small-flowered Wintercress)

Barbarea stricta

May-July

A biennial or perennial herb of moist places by rivers, ditches, canals and marshes, and a rare casual of waste places. Lowland.

Shepherd's Cress

(Barestem, Bauernsenf)

Teesdalia nudicaulis

(Capsella nudicaulis, Cruciform teesdalia, Guepinia nudicaulis, Lepidium scapiferum, Teesdalia iberis, Thlaspi nudicaulis)

April-June

A winter-annual of acidic, well-drained sandy soils on heathlands, sand dunes, shingle and gravels, on sandy lake shores in Ireland, by railways and on coal and cinder tips. It prefers bare or disturbed ground. Generally lowland, but reaching 455 m on Ben More (Mid Ebudes) and Wasdale Screes (Cumberland).

Flower May

Flowers from Dungeness in Kent on 29 April

Foliage May

Form May

Shepherd's Purse

(Bourse de cure, Bourse-a-pasteur, Coeur de cure, Hirtentaschelkraut, Ji cai, Mother's Heart, Zurron de Pastor)

Capsella bursa-pastoris

(Thlaspi bursa-pastoris)

January-December

An annual, germinating throughout the year in suitable conditions and ubiquitous in many disturbed and nutrient-rich habitats. It is an abundant weed on waste ground and in gardens, and is frequent in cultivated fields, particularly amongst broad-leaved crops. It avoids the wettest and most acidic soils. It has a very long-lived seed bank. 0-780 m (Knock Fell, Westmorland).

Flower May

Flower with Seeds June

Foliage from Rochester in Kent in May

Form from Rochester in Kent in May

Shepherd's Purse (rubella)

(Rotliches Hirtentaschelkraut, Pink Shepherd's Purse)

Capsella rubella

January-December

An annual or biennial of cultivated and waste ground, possibly arising as a casual grain impurity. Lowland. Normal habitat is in Mediterranean Region, East Europe and West Asia.

Flower June

Flowers June

Seed Head June

Form May

Slender Wart Cress (Syn. Lesser Swinecress, Swine Cress, Zweiknotiger Krahenfuss)

Coronopus didymus

June-September

An annual or biennial herb of damp, often winter-wet soils, occurring on cultivated and waste ground, and frequently found in gardens and lawns, by paths and roadsides and on rubbish tips. Lowland.

Flower from Mereworth in Kent

Flower Buds from Mereworth in Kent

Foliage from Mereworth in Kent

Form from Mereworth in Kent

Small Alison

(Kelch-Steinkraut, Pale Madwort)

Alyssum alyssoides

(Alyssum calycinum, Alyssum campestre, Alyssum minus, Clypeola alyssoides, Clypeola campestris)

April-June

A casual annual, appearing erratically in arable fields, sandy tracks, pits, waste ground and docks. Very rarely it persists in the same habitats, but it is a poor competitor and needs regular disturbance to provide open soil for seedlings. Lowland.

Smith's Cress

(Smith's Pepperwort, Verschieden-blattrige Kresse)

Lepidium smithii

(Lepidium heterophyllum)

May-August

A perennial, or rarely biennial, herb of acidic soils in dry heathy and gravelly places. It is also frequent on shingle, railway ballast and embankments, and, less commonly, in arable fields. It is tolerant of grazing. Generally lowland, but reaching 425 m (Sow of Atholl, E. Perth).

Flower June

Flowers from Fishguard in Wales 14 July

Flower Buds June

Form from Dartmoor in May

Sterile Watercress

(Hybrid Watercress)

Rorippa x sterilis

(Nasturtium x sterile)

June onwards

A perennial herb occurring in and beside water, especially in streams, ditches and ponds, either with its parents or independently of them. Few well-formed seeds are produced, and effective reproduction is almost entirely vegetative.

Stinkweed

(Mauer-Doppelsame, Wall Rocket, Wild Rocket)

Diplotaxis muralis

(Rucola sylvatica, Sisymbrium murale)

May-September

An annual or short-lived perennial herb found in a variety of dry, open habitats. It is most frequent in waste places such as by railways, roads and on tips, but is also found on rocks, cliffs, walls and in gardens. It is occasionally cultivated and ploughed in as a `green manure`. Lowland. It has a nauseously disgusting smell so do not eat it.

Sweet Alison

(Gazon de Marie, Mary's Cushion, Sea Alyssum, Steinkraut, Sweet Alyssum, White Alyssum)

Lobularia maritima

(Alyssum maritima, Lobularia benthamii)

June-September

An annual, biennial or perennial herb, naturalised on sea-cliffs, sand dunes and open ground near the sea, and occurring as a casual inland in a variety of waste ground habitats. It sets seed readily but persists only in mild regions. Lowland. This is a favourite of council bedding schemes.

Flower September

Flowers September

Foliage September

Form September

Thale Cress

(Mouse-Ear Cress, Schmalwand)

Arabidopsis thaliana

(Arabis thaliana, Sisymbrium thalianum)

April-July

This winter-annual is a pioneer species, intolerant of competition, which is found on rocky ground, dunes and other open sandy or calcareous habitats. It is also very frequent as a weed in gardens and nurseries, and on all sorts of waste ground, especially by railways. 0-850 m (Meall nan Tarmachan, Mid Perth).

Flower from Rochester in Kent in April

Flowers from Farningham in June

Foliage from Farningham in June

Form

Tower-cress (Syn. Tower Rock-cress, Turm-Gansenkresse)

Arabis turrita

May-August

A tufted biennial or perennial herb occurring as a naturalised or casual garden escape on old walls; also arising as a grain alien. Lowland.

Flower

Flowers

Foliage from Rochester in Kent on 25 May

Form from Rochester in Kent in June

Tower Mustard

(Tower Cress)

Turritis glabra

(Arabis glabra)

May-July

A biennial, rarely perennial, herb of grassy places and on disturbed ground on free-draining sandy soils over chalk and limestone. Lowland. Endangered species in the UK.

Flower from Rochester in Kent on 19 June

Flowers from Rochester in Kent on 19 June

Foliage from Rochester in Kent on 19 June

Form from Rochester in Kent on 19 June

Treacle Mustard

(Wormseed Wallflower, Ukonnauris, Pszonak drobnokwiatowy)

Erysimum cheiranthoides

(Cheirinia cheiranthoides)

June onwards

An annual, locally frequent in arable fields but common also as a weed of waste ground, roadsides and railways. It prefers sandy ground. Mainly lowland, but recorded at 435 m (Clun Forest, Salop).

Tumbling Mustard

(Hohe Rauke, Jim Hill Mustard, Mountain Mustard, Tall rocket, Tall Sisymbrium, Tumble Mustard)

Sisymbrium altissimum

(Erysimum altissimum)

June-August

An annual which is frequently naturalised on rubbish tips and waste ground, and by roads and railways. It is a contaminant of bird-seed and grass-seed mixtures. Populations can be short-lived. Lowland.

Twisted Whitlow-Grass

(Drave blanchatre, Hoary Whitlowgrass)

Draba incana

May-July

A morphologically variable biennial or perennial tufted herb, which is usually found on limestone rock ledges, screes and pavements, and occasionally in open grassland on thin droughted soils. It also occurs on sand dunes and, more rarely, on base-rich mica-schists and igneous rocks, and on sandstone cliffs. From sea level, but more commonly an upland plant, reaching 1080 m in the Breadalbanes (Mid Perth).

Flower from Alt Nan Uamp in Sutherland on 17 June

Flowers from Alt Nan Uamp in Sutherland on 17 June

Foliage from Teesdale in June

Form from Teesdale in June

Upland Scurvy-Grass

(Cochleaire, Coclearia, Cranson, Cranson officinal, Cucharita, Herbe aux cuillere, Kasikotu, Loffelkraut, Scurvy Grass, Spoonwort)

Cochlearia alpina

(Cochlearia pyrenaica subsp. alpina, Cochlearia officinalis var. alpina, Cochlearia officinalis)

June-August

Cochlearia officinalis subsp. scotica is a biennial or perennial herb which grows in a variety of coastal habitats, including open, stony shores, the crevices between rock and boulders near the sea, shingle spits, sand dunes and short, grazed grassland on cliff-tops and saltmarshes. Lowland. The variation in Cochlearia officinalis s.l. could not be divided satisfactorily into taxa of species rank and so specific conservation of taxa within the complex is not recommended. Instead the maintenance of Cochlearia diversity can be achieved by the continued protection of the habitats in which the ecotypes grow.

Wallflower

(Fleur de Nostra-Dama, Flor de pasque, Gillflower, Goldlack, Saint Geourges, Saint Jean, Todrilal, Wild Wallflower)

Cheiranthus cheiri

(Erysimum cheiri)

March-June

A perennial herb widely naturalised on cliffs, old walls and rocks, particularly on calcareous substrates where it is often very persistent. It tolerates poor, thin, dry soils, but a warm site is essential. Lowland.

Flower from Rochester in Kent in May

Flowers from Lyme Regis in May 1979

Foliage

Form from Dorset in May

Wallflower Cabbage

Rhynchosinapis erucastrum

(Erucastrum nasturtiifolium, Sinapis nasturtiifolium, Coincya monensis subsp. cheiranthos plus 22 more)

June-August

An annual or biennial herb naturalised in a few places, for example by docks, roadsides and railways, and on waste ground, but occurring mainly as a casual in a wide variety of waste places. Lowland.

Wall Rocket

(Perennial Wall Rocket, Schmalblattriger Doppelsame, Wild Arugula, Wild Rauke, Wild Roquette)

Diplotaxis tenuifolia

(Eruca selvatica, Rucula selvatica, Sisymbrium tenuifolium)

May onwards

A perennial herb, most common in warm, dry habitats, occurring in waste ground, on walls and banks, and in quarries and railway sidings. Lowland. The branches are often used as an ingredient in salads.

Flower from Strood in Kent on 8 September

Flowers from Strood in Kent on 8 September

Foliage from Strood in Kent on 8 September

Form from Strood in Kent on 8 September

Wall Whitlow-Grass

(Mauer-Felsenblumchen)

Draba muralis

April-June

A winter-annual, found as a native on limestone rocks on open skeletal soils, and on S.-facing ledges and screes. It is also a colonist on old walls, forest tracks and railways, and has been recorded as a garden weed where the conditions of its summer-dry, winter-moist, native habitat are mimicked. Generally lowland, but reaching 490 m in the Craven Pennines (Mid-W. Yorks.).

Flower May

Flower with Stem on 17 May

Foliage on 17 May

Form on 17 May

Watercress

(Agriao, American Water Cress, Berro, Bronkors, Cresson, Cresson d'eau, Cresson de fontaine, Cresson des fontaines, Echte Brunnenkresse, Habb Ar Rashad, Hurf Al May, Lut Putiah, Mizu-Garashi, Oranda-Garashi, Selada-Air, Suterisi)

Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum

(Nasturtium officinale, Nasturtium aquaticum, Nasturtium fontanum, Nasturtium nasturtium-aquatica, Nasturtium officinalis, Radicula nasturtium, Radicula nasturtium-aquaticum, Rorippa nasturtium, Sisymbrium nasturtium, Sysmbrium nasturtium-aquaticu)

June onwards

These perennial herbs grow beside streams both in calcareous and acidic areas, and favour waters that are moderately nutrient-rich but not eutrophic.

Flower from Capermacnoghten in County Clare on 17 June

Flowers from Higham in Kent in March

Foliage from Capermacnoghten in County Clare on 17 June

Form from Capermacnoghten in County Clare on 17 June

Wavy Bittercress

Cardamine flexuosa

April-August

A winter- or summer-annual, or rarely a short-lived perennial, most frequent in open, moist, shaded vegetation in marshland, by rivers and streams, and in gardens. It prefers soils which are at least mildly basic, and is absent from those that are strongly acidic. It is an effective colonist of disturbed, fertile habitats. Generally lowland, but reaching 830 m on Snowdon (Caerns.) and 1190 m in the Breadalbanes (Mid Perth).

Flower from Teesdale on 29 May

Flowers from Teesdale on 29 May

Seed Pod developing from Flower from Teesdale on 29 May

Form from Teesdale on 29 May

Warty Cabbage

(Bunias d'orient, Hill mustard, Turkish "Rocket", Zachenschotchen)

Bunias orientalis

May-August

A perennial, or occasionally biennial, herb, very persistent on waste ground, roadsides, docks and railways. Lowland.

White Mustard

(Bai jie, Mostaza Blanca, Moutarde blanche, Salad Mustard, Senf, Yellow Mustard)

Sinapis alba

(Brassica alba, Brassica hirta)

May onwards

Fields (arable weed on chalky soils). Fodder crop or green manure. Seeds used in White Mustard.

Wild Cabbage

(Ornamental Kale, Ornamental Cabbage)

Brassica oleracea

May-August

A perennial herb, found as an apparent native on sea-cliffs, predominantly on chalk and limestone but also on other base-rich substrates. It is most frequent on bare cliff edges, but also grows in maritime grassland and in quarries inland. Elsewhere it is a casual garden escape in waste places and on roadsides. Lowland. Excess cabbage crop at Besthorpe provides winter fodder for hungry sheep.

Wild Candytuft

(Candytuft, Bittere Schleifenblume, Bitterer Bauernsenf, Carraspique, Clown's Mustard, Grutzblume, Rocket Candytuft, Teraspic, Thlaspi Blanc)

Iberis amara

(Iberis coronaria)

May-August

An annual, rarely biennial, herb of bare, open ground on S.-facing slopes on chalk, being found in bare places in grassland, particularly rabbit scrapes, and in quarries. It also occurs as an arable weed, and as a casual in a wide variety of ruderal habitats. Lowland. Can be used in homeopathic remedy.

Flower from Folkestone in Kent on 4 July

Flowers from Folkestone in Kent on 4 July

Foliage from Folkestone in Kent on 4 July

Form from Folkestone in Kent on 4 July

Wild Radish

(Hederich, Jointed Charlock, Muli, Rabanillo, Rabanillo Blanco, Rabaniza, Rabano Silvestre, Ravenelle, Runch, Sea Radish)

Raphanus raphanistrum

(Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. raphanistrum)

May onwards

An annual found as a casual or persistent weed in cultivated fields and on roadsides and waste ground.

Flower June

Flower Buds June

Foliage

Form

Woad

(Ash of Jerusalem, Dyer's Weed, Dyer's Woad, Jerusalem Ash)

Isatis tinctoria

June-August

A biennial or perennial herb, found only in ruderal habitats such as quarries, bare cliffs, arable fields, docks and waste places. It is usually casual, but persists at a few sites including Guildford, Surrey (first recorded in 1814) and Tewkesbury, E. Gloucs. (1818). Lowland.

Flower May

Flowers 19 May

Foliage July

Form July

Yellow Whitlow-Grass

(Gtodek, Immergrunes Felsenblumchen, Sea-green Whitlow Grass)

Draba aizoides

March-April

This short-lived, cushion-forming, perennial herb is restricted to limestone rocks, where it grows in crevices in humic calcareous soils. Plants that occur in grassland and in bare soil away from rocks seldom survive. Lowland.

Flower March

Flowers March

Foliage March

Form March

A Dogs Dinner

At long last, dogs eating their own food using a knife and fork with each dog's food in a bowl, together with the correct etiquette as well as managing their own napkin.

http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=EVwlMVYqMu4&vq=medium#t=125