FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES Fern Culture with British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns |
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
Where to see UNITED STATES WALES |
USE OF FERN
Where to see AUSTRALIA CANADA ENGLAND FRANCE GERMANY IRELAND NETHERLANDS
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SPORE COLOUR BED PICTURES Where to see NEW ZEALAND SCOTLAND UNITED STATES |
A Natural History of Britain's Ferns by Christopher N. Page. Published by William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd in 1988. ISBN 0 00 219382 5 (limpback edition) provides details of Coastal, Man-made Landscapes, Woodland, Wetland, Grassland and Rock Outcrops, Heath and Moorland, Lower Mountain Habitats, Upper Mountain Habitats and Atlantic Fringe Ferns. Tree Ferns by Mark F. Large & John E. Braggins. Published by Timber Press in 2004. ISBN 978-1-60469-176-4 is a scientifically accurate book dealing with Tree Fern species cultivated in the United States and the Pacific, but little known and rare tree ferns are also included. The Observer's Book of Ferns, revised by Francis Rose, previous editions compiled by W.J.Stokoe. Published by Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd in 1965 provides a comprehensive guide to 45 British species of Ferns. It provides details of habitat and how to use those ferns. The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richard Steffen & Sue Olsen. Published in 2015 by Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60469- Success with Indoor Ferns, edited by Lesley Young. Reprinted 1998. ISBN 1 85391 554 8. It details the care of indoor ferns with their position, choice and fern care. |
Where to see UNITED STATES |
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Fern |
Foliage Colour and |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Type of Fern to Grow |
Use of Fern |
Comments |
Frond |
Credit |
Form |
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Allantodia australis |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
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Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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Allantodia squamigera |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
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Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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Athyrium asplenioides |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium deltoidofrons 溪边蹄盖蕨 Fujian, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea]. |
Rhizomes short, erect, apex densely clothed with brownish, subulate lanceolate scales. Fronds caespitose; fertile fronds (35-) 45-75(-95) cm. Sori horseshoe-shaped, oblong, or J-shaped, 1-5 per segment (usually to 7 in basal acroscopic segments). |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
Valleys, damp areas, streamsides, wet grasslands; 800-2000 m. |
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Athyrium distentifolium |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium distentifolium. By Jerzy Opioła, via Wikimedia Commons.
Deutsch: Gebirgs-Frauenfarn (Athyrium distentifolium, Woodsiaceae); Nufenenpass, Kanton Wallis, Schweiz. |
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Athyrium falcatum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium filix-femina The name filix-femina means literally Female Fern. |
The new fronds make their appearance from the bare crowns of the rootstock in April or May, a large number rising simultaneously and unrolling with great rapidity. At this time they are clothed with red-brown scales, most of which fall off later. In the autumn or at the first touch of frost the entire frond turns yellow and wastes away. |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium filix-femina Athyrium filix-femina taken in Coutances, Manche, Normandie. Date: April 2009. By Aroche, via Wikimedia Commons. Español: Athyrium filix-femina hábito, Sierra Nevada, España. |
Plant Delights Nursery sells |
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Athyrium filix-femina cultivars |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium flexile |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium frangulum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium niponicum var pictum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Location taken: Behnke Nurseries, Potomac MD USA. Names: Athyrium niponicum var. pictum (Maxwell) Fraser-Jenk., Japanese Painted Fer Classification: Plantae > Pteridophyta > Polypodiopsida > Polypodiales > Woodsiaceae > Primuleae > Athyrium > Athyrium niponicum var. pictum. Date: 12 April 2006. By David J. Stang, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Athyrium otophorum (Asplenium otophorum ; Athyrium erythrocaulon ; A. rigescens ; Asian Lady Fern 光蹄盖蕨 Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea]. |
Rhizomes short, ascending, apex densely clothed with brown or blackish brown, linear-lanceolate, fibriform-tipped scales. Fronds caespitose; fertile fronds 45-70(-85) cm; stipe blackish brown, upward slightly purplish red, (15-)25-35 cm, 2.5-3 mm in diam., base densely clothed with scales. |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
Evergreen broad-leaved forests, bamboo forests, wet areas; 400-1400(-3000) m. This lovely 2' wide (24 inches = 60 cms), deer-resistant evergreen fern is so unique that it is actually recognizable from a distance in the USA. The triangular, plastic-like, pewter-green fronds are accented with dark reddish stipes (stems). When the new growth emerges, the contrast of the unfurling, reddish new foliage is dynamite against the green of the fronds...outstanding as a specimen plant in the woodland garden! |
Athyrium otophorum in Auckland Botanic Gardens, Manurewa, South Auckland, New Zealand. Date: 11 November 2017. By Krzysztof Golik, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Athyrium pycnocarpum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Athyrium umbrosum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: |
Suitable for
Foliage similar to Asplenium with which genus this is sometimes united. Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns. |
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Diplazium asperum (Allantodia aspera Asplenium asperum ; Athyrium asperum ; Diplazium polypodioides ; Microstegia aspera) 粗糙双盖蕨 Hainan, Taiwan (Taidong), SE and SW Yunnan [Cambodia, S India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam]. |
Plants evergreen, large. Rhizome erect, black-brown, robust, trunklike, apex densely scaly; scales brown, linear or linear-lanceolate, up to 2 cm, thickly membranous, margin toothed, with narrow black band; fronds caespitose. Fertile fronds up to 4 m; stipe brown at base, upward dark stramineous or light brown, robust, up to 2 m, up to 2 cm in diam., base densely scaly. |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
Tropical mountain valleys, rain forests, beside streamlets; 300-1200 m. |
Diplazium asperum. Illustration from Flora of China. It may be cited as 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 1 May 2019]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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Diplazium assimile |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
Usually in wet sclerophyll or rain-forest habitats, occasionally in drier habitats. |
Diplazium assimile - Photographed at the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (Australia) in December. |
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Diplazium cordifolium |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
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Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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Diplazium crenatum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
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Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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Diplazium dietrichianum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
A fern of perpetually damp shady situations. |
Diplazium dietrichianum at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Date: 15 June 2010. By Poyt448 Peter Woodard, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Diplazium dilatum (Allantodia crinipes ; 毛柄双盖蕨 Chongqing, S Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, E and S Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, S Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, S Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Australia, Pacific islands (Polynesia)]. |
Plants evergreen, large. Rhizome creeping to ascending or erect, erect trunk up to 50 cm tall, up to 10 cm in diam., apex densely scaly; scales dark brown or yellow-brown, linear-lanceolate or linear, margin black and toothed, apex long curly; fronds sparse or caespitose. Fertile frond up to 3 m. |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
Wet broad-leaved forests in tropical mountains; 100-1900 m. |
Diplazium dilatum - Photographed at the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (Australia) in January. This photo is from Gardenology.org and is available under CC-BY-SA 3.0 license. By Raffi Kojian via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Diplazium esculentum 食用双盖蕨 Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [tropical Asia, subtropical and tropical Polynesia]. |
Rhizome erect, up to 15 cm tall, densely scaly; scales brown, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 10 × 1 mm, thin, toothed at margin; fronds caespitose. Fertile fronds 60-120 cm; stipe brown-stramineous, 50-60 cm, 3-5 mm in diam. at base, sparsely scaly, upward glabrous or hairy. Sori mostly linear, slightly curved, from near midribs to laminar margin; indusia yellow-brown, linear, membranous, entire. Spore surface with large granular or tuberculate projections. |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
Valley forests, beside brooks or streamlets; 100-1200 m. |
Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
Diplazium esculentum (Paca, hoio, pohole). Diplazium esculentum (Paca, hoio, pohole). |
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Diplazium melanochlamys |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
Confined to Lord Howe Island, from sea level to the ummits of Mt Gower and Mt Lidgbird where it is a common terrestrial fern, developing a small trunk to about half a metre (20 inches) in height. |
Diplazium melanochlamys - Photographed at the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (Australia) in January. This photo is from Gardenology.org and is available under CC-BY-SA 3.0 license. By Raffi Kojian, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Diplazium pallidum |
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Lady Ferns and their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris)
Propagation: See Instructions on right. |
Suitable for |
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Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
Site design and content copyright ©January 2009. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran. Revised and Expanded Edition. Published in 2001 by Timber Press, Inc. Reprinted 2002, 2006. ISBN-13:978-0-88192-495-4. |
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Grow in Coastal Region
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4,
5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
Topic
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
Use of Fern
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Use of Fern
See
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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