Ivydene Gardens Plants:
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The plants normally selected by most landscapers and designers are by nature low-growing, rampant, spreading, creep-crawly things and yet the concept of ground cover demands no such thing. The ideal description of a groundcover plant includes:-
Ground Cover a thousand beautiful plants for difficult places by John Cushnie (ISBN 1 85626 326 6) provides details of plants that fulfill the above requirements. Using these groundcover plants in your planting scheme (either between your trees/shrubs in the border or for the whole border) will - with mulching your beds to a 4 inch depth and an irrigation system - provide you with a planted garden with far less time required for border maintenance. Plants for Ground-Cover by Graham Stuart Thomas. Published by J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd in 1970 - reprinted (with further revisions) in 1990. ISBN 0-460-12609-1. This gives details on many more ground cover plants with inclusion (in the Index) of figures denoting the Hardiness Zones for each species in the United States of America. |
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Plant Name with link to page with photos and mail-order nursery in Comments Row |
Type with link to mail-order nursery in UK |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Foliage with link to mail-order nursery in USA |
Flower Colour in Month(s). Use Pest Control using Plants to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected groundcover plant or deter its pests |
Comments United States Department of Agriculture Plant Hardiness Zone Map - This map of USA is based on a range of average annual minimum winter temperatures, divided into 13 of 10-degree F zones, that this plant will thrive in USA, Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico. There are other Hardiness Zone Maps for the rest of the world including the one for Great Britain and Ireland of zones 7a to 10a. Zone 5-9 indicates that the minimum zone temperature this plant will grow is 5 and top minimum zone temperature is 9 - above this number is too hot or below 5 is too cold for the plant. If your zone in your area of your country is within that range or your zone number is greater, then you can grow it in your garden. |
Pachyphragma macrophyllum |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 24 (30 x 60) |
Glossy Dark Green |
Scented White in |
Slow-growing ground cover. |
Pachysandra terminalis |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x indefinite (20 x indefinite) |
Glossy Dark Green |
White in |
"Japanese Spurge". Good ground cover This is the perfect ground cover to use as a large-scale planting under trees or, on a small scale, in the shade of evergreen shrubs. |
Pachysandra terminalis 'Green Carpet' |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 24 |
Glossy Dark Green |
White in |
Good ground cover |
Pachysandra terminalis "Variegata' |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
10 x 24 (25 x 60) |
Glossy Dark Green margined-White |
White in |
Good ground cover |
Paeonia 'Dresden'
See other Paeonia in |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
32 x 32 (80 x 80) |
Deep Green, turn Red in Autumn |
Ivory-White in |
"Peony". The Peony Group is a specialist group of the Hardy Plant Society formed in 1987, and exists to stimulate greater and more specialist interest in growing all types of peonies; bringing together amateur and professional enthusiasts worldwide. It also provides members with information about less well-known species, and aims to make peonies in general available to a wider audience. Paeonia companions - aquilegia, campanula persicifolia, digitalis, iris sibirica, spring bulbs, viola, chaerophyllum, astrantia maxima; the spring cottage garden |
Paeonia emodi |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
Dark Green |
Pure White in |
"Himalayan Peony". |
Paeonia lactiflora |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Dark Green |
White in |
"Peony". |
Paeonia lactiflora |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Dark Green |
Pink in |
"Peony". |
Paeonia lutea var. ludlowii |
Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
96 x 96 (240 x 240) |
Bright Green |
Yellow in |
"Tree Peony". |
Paeonia mascula |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
Bluish-Green above, paler Green below |
Deep Purplish-Red in |
"Male Peony". From southern Europe |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
Bluish-Green |
Lemon-Yellow in |
"Caucasian Peony, Molly the Witch". Erect, short flowering season, good seedpods. Orange-brown autumn foliage |
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Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
Deep Green |
Crimson in July |
"Common Peony, Female Peony". |
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Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
84 x 84 (210 x 210) |
Dark Green above, Blue-Green beneath |
Scented White, Pink, Red or Purple in |
"Moutan". |
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Paeonia x lemoinei |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
Dark Green |
White to Yellow in |
"Tree Peony". |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 30 (60 x 75) |
Mid-Green |
Orange-Scarlet in |
"Oriental Poppy". Companions - aquilegia, allium, galium (tall forms), anchusa, nepeta, euphorbia, salvia x superba; that distant wasteland that can go scruffy in summer. Tuse as a cut flower, pick with the bud just splitting open. Stand cut ends in 12 inches (30 cms) of hot water for a short time, and then add cold water, keeping them cool over night. You can also singe the bottom of cut stems with a matich and put them in cold water. Arrange them the next morning. |
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Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 6 |
Blue-Green |
White-and-Yellow in July-September |
"Icelandic Poppy". Needs partial shade |
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Parahebe catarractae |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 12 (30 x 30) |
Dark Green tinged Purple when young |
White in |
Companions - grasses, artemisia. Plant on a wall or small bank, or atop a rock garden. In a perfect year, these make good container plants, but do not allow them to dry out. |
Parahebe hookeriana |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 20 |
Mid-Green |
White to Lavender-Blue in |
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Parahebe lyallii |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
10 x 20 (25 x 50) |
Dark Green |
White to Pink in |
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Parahebe perfoliata |
Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 18 (75 x 45) |
Blue or Grey-Green |
Blue in |
"Diggers Speedwell". Arching stems, will sprawl but looks odd if staked, semi-evergreen |
Parahebe x bidwillii 'Kea' |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
4 x 6 |
Dark Green |
White in |
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Paris polyphilla |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 12 (75 x 30) |
Mid-Green |
Green and Yellowish-Green in |
Deep Shade Companions - trillium, helleborus, omphalodes, polygonatum, and other woodlanders. Slugs attack new growth. |
Paronychia capitata |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
2 x 12 |
Silvery Grey-Green |
Green in |
"Whitlow-wort". |
Paronychia kapela subsp. serpyllifolia |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
2 x 10 |
Silvery Bluish-Green |
Greenish-White in |
"Whitlow-wort". |
Deciduous Climber above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
840 x 240 (2100 x 600) |
Bright Green then Red-Purple in Autumn |
... |
"Boston Ivy". It readily climbs trellises and drapes over walls, attaching itself to objects by means of adhesive discs. Do not plant where it can smother shrubs or trees. It is best used to cover large, barren , rocky areas where little else grows and makes an excellent slope cover. |
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Evergreen Climber above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
360 x indefinite (900 x indefinite) |
Rich Green |
White in |
"Blue Passion Flower". |
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Passiflora mollissima |
Evergreen Climber above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
160 x indefinite (150 x indefinite) |
Mid-Green |
Coral-Pink in |
"Banana Passion Flower". |
Paxistima canbyi |
Evergreen Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
16 x 36 (40 x 90) |
Glossy Dark Green |
Greenish-White in |
"Canby, Pachistima". Native to the mountains of Virginia and the Carolinas of USA. It grows well under trees and as a low hedge. It is also a good choice for naturalistic and rock gardens. |
Pelargonium zonal horticultural group |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 12 (30 x 30) |
Dark Green |
Scarlet, Purple, Pink, White, Orange, Yellow in |
"Zonal Pelargonium, Bedding Geranium". The Zonal Pelargoniums are normally used for Summer bedding in pots or beds, since they are frost-tender. |
Penstemon cardwellii |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 12 |
Mid-Green |
Deep Purple in |
Use as edging in the short or low border. Companions - heuchera, aquilegia, kniphofia, smaller euphorbias, smaller cocosmias, artemisia, eryngium, salvia, phlox. Loved by bees and many are good cut flowers |
Penstemon davidsonii |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 16 |
Mid-Green |
Deep Pink to Purple in |
Use as edging in the short or low border. |
Penstemon digitalis |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 18 (90 x 45) |
Mid-Green |
White in |
"Foxglove Beardtongue". Dense clumps. |
Penstemon fruticosus |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
16 x 16 (40 x 40) |
Glossy |
Purplish-Blue in |
"Shrubby Penstemon". |
Penstemon rupicola |
Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
4 x 18 |
Blue-Green |
Deep reddish-Pink in |
"Rock Penstemon". Evergreen sub-shrub. Use as edging in the short or low border. |
Perovskia |
Deciduous Sub-Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
Silver-Grey |
Violet-Blue in |
Upright Companions - grasses, crocosmia, artemisia, lavandula, gaura, salvia, rudbeckia, penstemon, phlox, nepeta, echinaops, echinacea; the prairie garden. Russian sages tend to fall forward into a semi-prostrate state so are well sited at tops of walls and stairways or banks, where this habit can be used to advantage. |
Persicaria affinis |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
10 x 24 (25 x 60) |
Dark Green turning Red-Bronze in Autumn |
Bright Rose-Red in |
"Himalayan Fleeceflower". Vigorous and mat-forming - a good edger. Companions - grasses, aster, aconitum, lilium, hosta, rodgersia, monarda, filipendula, chelone, knautia, anemone japonica, fuchsia magellanica. Problems with snails and slugs. |
Persicaria amplexicaulis |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 48 (120 x 120) |
Mid-Green |
Bright Red to Purple or White in |
"Bistort, Mountain Fleece". Strong clumps, long-blooming. |
Persicaria capitata |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
3 x 20 |
Dark Green; each with a Purple V-shaped band |
Pink in |
Good ground cover |
Persicaria vaccinifolia |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 20 |
Glossy Mid-Green turning Red in Autumn |
Deep Pink in |
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Petasites fragrans |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 60 (30 x 150) |
Light Green |
Scented Pale Lilac in |
"Winter Heliotrope". Good cut flower. Companions - ferns, aster, japanese iris, typha angustifolia (cattail), equisetum hyemale (common horsetail), primula japonica and other candlebra primroses, lobelia siphilitica, lobelia vedrariensis, lobelia cardinalis, taller astilbes. The flowers arrive in late winter, offering food for bees at a time when it is needed. Suffers from snails and slugs. |
Petasites japonicus |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
42 x 60 (105 x 150) |
Light Green |
Yellowish-White in |
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Petrophytum caespitosum |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
2 x 12 |
Bluish-Green |
Creamy-White in |
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Petrophytum hendersonii |
Evergreen Sub-Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
4 x 8 |
Blue-Green |
White to Creamy-White in |
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Phalaris arundinacea 'Feesey' |
Evergreen Grass 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
60 x indefinite (150 x indefinite) |
Light Green with broad White stripes |
Pale Green Spikelets in |
"Reed Canary Grass". In a garden, plant Phalaris arundinacea in containers such as a section of concrete or clay pipe 30 inches (75 cm) long (width depends on the size of the clump required, which blocks the runners and prevents the plant from taking over. Once established, it is difficult to eradicate, unless contained. Use as backdrop for other plants, since the foliage is striking from spring to midsummer. |
Phalaris arundinacea var. picta |
Evergreen Grass 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 12 (90 x 30) |
Green with White Stripes |
Brown spikelets in |
"Gardeners' Garters". |
Philadelphus |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 96 (120 x 240) |
Mid-Green |
Very Fragrant White in |
"Mock Orange". Narrow, tall shrub with stems that arch at the top. |
Philadelphus |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 60 (75 x 150) |
Pale to Mid-Green |
Very Fragrant Creamy-White in |
"Mock Orange". |
Philadelphus |
Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
96 x 60 (240 x 150) |
Golden-Yellow in Spring, Yellow-Green in Summer, Greenish-Yellow in Autumn |
Creamy-White in |
"Mock Orange". |
Phlomis fruticosa |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
Golden-Yellow in |
"Jerusalem Sage". From southern Europe. New shoots white. Invaluable in mixed herbaceous border, and tolerates coastal areas. Companions - grasses, nepeta, salvia, macleaya cordata, helenium, kerria japonica 'Picta', artemisia, olearia, carex. |
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Phlomis italica |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
12 x 24 (30 x 60) |
Grey-Green |
Lilac-Pink in |
Erect. Invaluable in mixed herbaceous border. |
Phlomis purpurea |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Grey-Green |
Purple to Pink in |
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Phlox paniculata 'Sandringham' |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
Dark Green |
Pale Pink in |
"Border Phlox". Use in middle or back of border. Companions - eupatorium, salvia, aster, echinacea, geranium, hardy fuchsias, aconitum. Good cut flower |
Phlox bifida |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 6 |
Dark Green |
Fragrant Lavender-Blue to White in |
"Sand Phlox". |
Phlox carolina |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 18 (120 x 45) |
Dark Green |
Purple to Pink in |
"Thick-leaf Phlox, Carolina Phlox". Lance-shaped long pointed leaves on tall straight stems. |
Phlox divaricata |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
14 x 20 (35 x 50) |
Dark Green |
Lavender-Blue to Pale Violet and White in |
"Blue Phlox, Wild Sweet William". Cut back in early spring. Use in woodland garden like under rhododendrons and other woodland shrubs |
Phlox douglasii |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 12 |
Dark Green |
White, Lavender-Blue or Pink in |
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Phlox nana |
Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 12 |
Grey-Green |
Pink, Purple or White in |
"Santa Fe Phlox". |
Phlox paniculata |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
Deep Green |
Orange-Red in |
Use in middle or back of border. |
Phlox stolonifera |
Herbaceous Alpine Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 12 |
Dark Green |
Pale to deep Purple in |
"Creeping Phlox". |
Phlox subulata |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
4 x 20 |
Bright Green |
Purple or Red in |
"Moss Phlox" is a mat-forming perennial that produces a carpet of brilliant flower colour from late spring to midsummer, which cover the needlike foliage completely. Individual plants grow in clumps, spreading rapidly by trailing stems. Different cultivars are available including 'White Delight', Red Wings' and 'Emerald Blue'. In spring set out new plants 12-18 inches (30-45 cm) apart. To stimulate growth and keep plants compact, mow them about halfway to the ground after flowering. |
Phormium cookianum 'Sundowner' |
Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
Green with Red margin |
Yellow-Green in |
Rigid and upright sword-ilike foliage. |
Phormium tenax |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
30 x 30 (75 x 75) |
Wine-Red in Spring and Summer, Bronze in Autumn and Winter |
Red in |
"New Zealand Flax". |
Phormium tenax |
Evergreen Perennial above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
84 x 36 (210 x 90) |
Reddish-Purple in Spring, Dark Copper in Summer, Reddish-Purple in Autumn, Bronze-Purple in Winter |
Red in |
"New Zealand Flax". |
Phormium tenax |
Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
144 x 72 (360 x 180) |
Yellow-Green with Mid-Green Stripe |
Red in |
"New Zealand Flax". |
Phygelius capensis |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 60 (120 x 150) |
Dark Green |
Dusty Pink in |
"Cape Figwort, Cape Fuchsia". Sprawling, vigorous. Companions - perovskia, carex, hemerocallis, rudbeckia, salvia, penstemon, alstroemeria, crocosmia, dahlia, persicaria microcephala 'Red Dragon'. They are good cut flowers. |
Phygelius x rectus |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
Dark Green |
Pale Red in |
This plant and its cultivars tend to be fairly compact plants with large sprays of flowers. Best choice for gardens as they combine toughness with heavy flowering in compact, non-invasive plants. |
Phygelius x rectus |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
Pale Creamy-Yellow in |
Extremely vigorous. |
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Phyllodoce aleutica |
Evergreen Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 10 |
Bright Dark Green |
Pale Yellow-Green inJune-July |
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Phyllodoce caerulea |
Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
9 x 12 |
Glossy Dark Green |
Purplish Pink in |
"Mountain Heath". Upright Shrub with bell-shaped flowers. |
Phyllodoce empetriformis |
Evergreen Alpine below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 16 (30 x 40) |
Glossy Bright Green |
Purple-Pink |
"Pink Mountain Heather". Carpet-forming with bell-shaped flowers on long stems. |
Physalis alkekengi |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
Mid-Green |
Cream in |
"Chinese Lantern, Japanese Lantern". Bright Orange-Scarlet berries fully ripe is edible. Invasive so only grow in a pot. Companions - Best grown alone in a cutting garden. Slugs eat new shoots. |
Physocarpus opulifolius |
Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
84 x 96 (210 x 240) |
Bright Yellow juvenile becoming Mid-Green |
White/Pink in |
"Ninebark". From eastern USA |
Picea abies |
Evergreen Groundcover Conifer 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
60 x 144 (150 x 360) |
Dark Green |
... |
"Christmas Tree, Norway Spruce, Common Spruce". From Scandinavia. Shallow rooted, this tree can be upended by strong winds. |
Picea pungens glauca |
Evergreen Bushy Conifer 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
600 x 180 (1500 x 450) |
Grey-Blue |
... |
"Colorado Spruce". From west coast of USA. Pyramid shape. Prune regularly as fresh growth will not bud from dead wood. |
Picea pungens glauca |
Evergreen Columnar Conifer above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
600 x 180 (1500 x 450) |
Silvery-Blue |
... |
"Colorado Spruce". |
Pieris japonica 'Firecrest' |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
144 x 72 (360 x 180) |
Brilliant Red in Spring, Dark Green in Summer, Autumn and Winter |
White in |
"Lily-of-the-Valley". From Japan |
Pieris floribunda |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
Glossy Dark Green |
White in |
|
Pieris japonica |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Pink-flushed juvenile, Green with silvery-White margins later |
White in |
"Lily-of-the-Valley". From Japan |
Pileostegia viburnoides |
Evergreen Climber above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
216 x 36 (540 x 90) |
Dark Green |
White in |
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Pimelea prostrata |
Evergreen Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 20 |
Grey-Green with Red margins |
Fragrant White in |
"Rice Flower". From Australasia. White or Red Fruit |
Pimpinella major |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
Mid-Green |
White, Greenish-White or Pink in |
"Greater Burnet Saxifrage". Best performance in its own space in clay. An effective plant for meadow plantings. Companions - grasses, campanula lactiflora, astrantia maxima, anthriscus sylvestris 'Ravenswing', cryptotaenia, geranium, astilbe (early cultivars), delphinium, aconitum, paeonia, roses. |
Pinus mugo 'Mops' |
Evergreen Groundcover Conifer above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
132 x 132 (330 x 330) |
Green |
Dark Brown cones. |
"Dwarf Mountain Pine". From mountains of Europe. |
Pinus nigra |
Evergreen Columnar Conifer above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
1200 x 300 (3000 x 750) |
Dark Green |
Yellow-Brown female cones. |
"European Black Pine, Austrian Pine". From central and southern Europe. Open, conical habit. |
Pittosporum ralphii |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
Deep Green above, White to Buff felted beneath |
Dark Red in |
"Mock Orange". Mounding growth habit. |
Pittosporum tenuifolium |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
120 x 60 (300 x 150) |
Glossy |
Black-Red in |
"Kohuhu, Tawhiwhi". From New Zealand. Its flowers have an intense honey perfume at night. |
Pittosporum tenuifolium |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
96 x 72 (210 x 180) |
Green with White margins in Spring, Summer and Autumn, Silvery-Grey Green in Winter |
Purple in |
|
Pittosporum tenuifolium |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 24 (90 x 60) |
Pale Green in Spring, Deep reddish-Brown in Summer, Autumn and Winter |
Purple in |
|
Podocarpus alpinus |
Groundcover Conifer 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
Dull Green |
Yellow Male Flowers,Green Female cone-like flowers in |
"Tasmanian Podocarp". A good plant for stony sites or scree beds. |
Polemonium |
Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
18 x 18 (45 x 45) |
Dark Green |
Lilac-Blue in |
"Jacob's Ladder, Sky Pilot". Reddish stems, compact mounds. Sterile so is never a nuisance. Companions - ferns, artemisia, euphorbia, campanula, hosta, helleborus, geum, potentilla, pulmonaria, brunnera. Divide clumps every 3 years to rejuvenate the plant. |
Polygala calcarea |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
2 x 8 |
Mid-Green |
Deep Blue in |
"Milkwort". |
Polygala calcarea |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
2 x 8 |
Mid-Green |
Blue in |
|
Polygonatum hirtum |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 24 (120 x 60) |
Mid-Green |
Green-tipped White in |
"Solomon's Seal". Black fruit. Effective in containers with erect stems. Companions - ferns, galium odoratum, hosta, omphalodes verna, brunnera, helleborus, tiarella, trillium, paris, saruma, smilacina. Lovely cut flowers. |
Polygonatum multiflorum |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 10 (90 x 25) |
Mid-Green |
Green-tipped White in |
"Common Solomon's Seal". Blue fruit. |
Polygonatum multiflorum |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 10 (90 x 25) |
Mid-Green striped Creamy-White |
Green-tipped White in |
Black fruit |
Polygonatum x hybridum |
Deciduous Rhizome Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
Mid-Green |
Green-tipped Creamy-White in |
"Common Solomon's Seal". Vigorously spreading colonies with lance-shaped mid-green leaves |
Polypodium vulgare |
Evergreen Fern below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x indefinite (30 x indefinite) |
Dark Green |
... |
"Common Polypody". See further details and photos in Fern Nursery page and Fern Gallery. |
Polypodium vulgare |
Evergreen Fern below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
14 x indefinite (35 x indefinite) |
Dark Green |
... |
"Common Polypody". Excellent ground cover |
Polystichum aculeatum |
Evergreen Fern 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
Dark Green |
... |
"Hard Shield Fern". Use Polystichum in shady woodlands and rock gardens. See further details and photos in Fern Nursery page and Fern Gallery. |
Polystichum munitum |
36 x 48 (90 x 120) |
Dark Green |
... |
"Sword Fern". See further details and photos in Fern Nursery page and Fern Gallery. |
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48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
Dark Green |
... |
"Soft Shield Fern". See further details and photos in Fern Nursery page and Fern Gallery. |
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Potentilla |
Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
18 x 24 (45 x 60) |
Mid-Green |
Yellow or Red-Orange in |
Clump-forming Companions - grasses, hemerocallis, iris, geranium. |
Potentilla alba |
Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
3 x 12 |
Light Green above, Silver-Hairy beneath |
White in June-July |
Clump-forming |
Potentilla atrosanguinea |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Dark Green |
Yellow, Orange or Red in |
"Himalayan Cinquefoil". Sprawling. |
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
30 x 48 (75 x 120) |
Dark Blue-Green |
White in |
"Bush Cinquefoil". |
Potentilla eriocarpa |
Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
3 x 12 |
Bright Green |
Deep Yellow in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 48 (60 x 120) |
Silver-Hairy |
Golden Yellow in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
Dark Green |
Bright Yellow in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Dark Green |
Sulphur-Yellow in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 30 (30 x 75) |
Silvery-Grey |
White in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
Dark Green |
Pale Pink in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
Mid-Green |
Vermilion-Red in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 36 (90 x 90) |
Mid-Green |
Deep Orange in |
|
Potentilla fruticosa |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 36 (60 x 90) |
Dark Green |
Creamy-White in |
|
Primula auricula |
8 x 10 |
Pale Green to Grey Green |
Deep Yellow in |
"Auricula" Companions - The minor spring bulbs, kerria, hamamelis, rhododendron, ferns, brunnera, bergenia, corylopsis, ribes, meconopsis, hosta, myosotis, pulmonaria, trillium, omphalodes; the spring garden |
|
Primula bulleyana |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Mid-Green |
Crimson fading to Orange in |
Long-blooming, disappears in late autumn |
Primula florindae |
Herbaceous Perennial 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
48 x 36 (120 x 90) |
Fragrant Sulphur-Yellow in |
"Giant Cowslip, Tibetan Primrose, Himalayan Cowslip". Good cut flower and long lived. |
|
Primula hirsutae |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
4 x 10 |
Mid-Green |
Mauve-Pink in |
|
Primula luteola |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
14 x 18 (35 x 45) |
Mid-Green |
Yellow in |
|
Primula veris |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
7 x 7 |
Mid Green |
Yellow in Spring |
"Primula, Cowslip". Long-lived. |
Primula vulgaris |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 14 |
Bright Green |
Fragrant Yellow in |
"Primrose, Common Primrose, Primula". Solitary flowers on stems |
Prostanthera cuneata |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
24 x 24 (60 x 60) |
Glossy Mid to dark Green. Strongly Aromatic when crushed |
White in |
"Alpine Mint Bush". Compact shrub from southeastern Australia. |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 36 |
Deep Green |
Purple in |
"Large Self-Heal". Forms dense, creeping patches of foliage. Remove spent flowers to prevent prolific sel-seeding. |
|
Prunella grandiflora |
Semi-Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 36 |
Deep Green |
Pure White in |
White flowers of above |
Prunus 'Accolade' |
Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
300 x 300 (750 x 750) |
Mid-Green in Spring and Summer, Orange-Red in Autumn |
Deep Pink in |
|
Prunus blireana |
Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
144 x 144 (360 x 360) |
Purple |
Rose-Pink in |
"Double Flowering Plum". Rounded shrub. |
Prunus cerasifera |
Deciduous Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
360 x 360 (900 x 900) |
Red in Spring, Deeper Red in Summer, Purple in Autumn |
Fragrant White in |
"Cherry Plum, Myrobalan, Purple-leafed Plum". Native to Turkey and the Caucasus region. |
Prunus laurocerasus |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
Dark Green |
White in |
"Cherry Laurel, Laurel Cherry". Native to the Balkans, Turkey and the Caspian region. Commonly grown as a hedge, but unclipped it can reach 600 inches (1500 cms) in height. |
Prunus spinosa |
Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
180 x 144 (450 x 360) |
Mid to Dark Green |
White in |
"Blackthorn, Sloe". Edible Black Plum fruit. |
Prunus subhirtella 'Autumnalis' |
Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
300 x 300 (750 x 750) |
Dark Green in Spring and Summer, Yellow in Autumn |
White in |
"Higan Cherry, Rosebud Cherry". From Japan. |
Prunus tenella |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
72 x 72 (180 x 180) |
Dark Green |
Rose-Red in |
"Dwarf Russian Almond". |
Prunus x cistena |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
60 x 60 (150 x 150) |
Red in Spring, Reddish-Purple in Summer and Autumn |
Pinkish-White in |
|
Prunus 'Spire' |
Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
360 x 180 (900 x 450) |
Bronze in Spring, Dark Green in Summer, Brilliant Orange-Red in Autumn |
Soft Pink in |
|
Pseudowintera colorata |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 60 (90 x 150) |
Yellow-Green marked Pink and margined dark Red-Purple above, glaucous beneath |
Greenish-Yellow in |
"Alpine Pepper Tree, Horopito". Spreading bushy shrub from New Zealand. |
Pterocephalus perennis |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
3 x 8 |
Grey-Green |
Pale Pinkish-Purple in |
Papery seed heads.Full Sun |
Pulmonaria angustifolia |
Deciduous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 18 (30 x 45) |
Mid to Dark Green |
Rich Blue in |
"Blue Cowslip". Mildew resistant. Neat Clump-forming. The Pulmonaria Hardy Plant Society Group was formed in 1992. Companions - Early bulbs, dicentra, hosta, astilbe, forsythia, helleborus, polygonatum, epimedium, ranunculus ficaria, tiarella, hamamellis, corylopsis; pair the coral-coloured forms with daphne odora 'Aureomarginata', ribes sanguineum, and tulipa 'Toronto'. |
Pulmonaria longifolia |
12 x 18 (30 x 45) |
Dark Green spotted Silvery-White |
Blue in |
"Spotted Dog" |
|
Pulmonaria officinalis |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
10 x 18 (25 x 45) |
White-spotted, Bright Mid-Green |
Blue in |
"Jerusalem Cowslip, Soldiers and Sailors, Spotted Dog, Common Lungwort". Clump-forming. |
Pulmonaria officinalis |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 18 (30 x 45) |
White Spotted, Bright Mid-Green |
Pure White in |
White flowers of above |
Pulmonaria saccharata |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
12 x 24 (30 x 60) |
White-Spotted, Mid-Green |
Violet or White in |
"Jerusalem Sage, Bethlehem Sage". Clumps |
Pulsatilla vulgaris |
Herbaceous Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
6 x 8 |
Light Green |
Deep to Pale Purple, sometimes White in |
"Pasque Flower". Large feathery seedheads Companions - viola, smaller grasses (festuca), paeonia (emerging foliage), aubretia, phlox subulata, lychnis viscaria, dwarf narcissus, crocus; a good rock garden plant, shows off well when backlit. |
Putoria calabrica |
Evergreen Shrub below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
3 x 12 |
Mid-Green |
Pink in |
"Stinking Madder". |
Pyracantha |
Evergreen Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
72 x 120 (180 x 300) |
Glossy Dark Green |
White in |
"Firethorn". |
Pyracantha |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
180 x 120 (450 x 300) |
Glossy Dark Green |
White in |
"Firethorn". |
Pyracantha |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
96 x 72 (210 x 180) |
Glossy Dark Green |
White in |
"Firethorn". Excellent as edging, rough thorny hedges or trailing down rocky slopes. The ripe fruits are edible and can be used to make a bland jelly. |
Pyracantha |
Deciduous Shrub 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) in height |
36 x 72 (90 x 180) |
Dark Green |
White in |
"Firethorn". |
Pyracantha |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
144 x 144 (360 x 360) |
Glossy Bright Green |
White in |
"Firethorn". |
Pyracantha rogersiana |
Evergreen Shrub above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
120 x 120 (300 x 300) |
Glossy Bright Green |
White in |
"Firethorn". |
Pyrola rotundifolia |
Evergreen Perennial below 24 inches (60 cms) in height |
8 x 6 |
Mid to Dark Green |
Pure White in |
"Round-leaved Winter-Green, Wild Lily-Of-The-Valley". |
Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' |
Deciduous Tree above 72 inches (180 cms) in height |
480 x 240 (1200 x 600) |
Glossy Dark Green in Spring and Summer, Red in Autumn |
White in |
"Callery Pear". From China. Tolerating heat, dry conditions, wind and poor soil, it makes an ideal street tree. |
Height in inches (cms):- 25.4mm = 1 inch I normally round this to |
DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. Details of smaller Papaver, Penstemon, Petrophytum, Phlox, Phyllodoce, Pieris, Pimelea, Polygala, Potentilla, Primula and Pulsatilla and which container to grow the plant in:-
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"Welcome to Barnhaven - the world-renowned hardy primrose specialists. Florence Bellis began her famous hybridizing programme in the USA in 1936 and 84 years later, we are still committed to producing seeds and plants using her traditional hand-pollinating methods. We aim to keep the original Barnhaven strains going, to continue her creative work and to spread the enjoyment and delight that comes from growing beautiful primroses." It is superb dedication by family after family to keep the primrose breeding and its cultivars available to the world by these passionate people. |
PLANTS PAGE PLANT USE Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
Following parts of Level 2a,
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PLANTS PAGE MENU Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Photos - with its link; provides a link to its respective Plant Photo Gallery in this website to provide comparison photos. |
PLANTS PAGE MENU REFINING SELECTION Photos - 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery
Groundcover Height |
To locate mail-order nursery for plants from the UK in this gallery try using search in RHS Find a Plant. To locate plants in the European Union (EU) try using Search Term in Gardens4You and Meilland Richardier in France. To locate mail-order nursery for plants from America in this gallery try using search in Plant Lust. To locate plant information in Australia try using Plant Finder in Gardening Australia. To see what plants that I have described in this website see |
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Top ten plants that are bad for bees from Countryfile Magazine "Lavender, alliums, fuschias, sweet peas - keen gardeners know the very best flowers to entice bees to their gardens. But what about plants that are bad for bees? Here is our expert guide to the top ten plants that you should avoid to keep bees happy and buzzing, plus the perfect alternatives. 1. Rhododendron 2. Azalea 3. Trumpet flower, or angel’s trumpet (Brugmansia suaveolens) 4. Oleander (Nerium oleander) 5. Yellow Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) 6. Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) 7. Stargazer lily (Lilium 'Stargazer') 8. Heliconia Exotic and interesting, heliconia, or lobster-claws as its sometimes called, is very toxic to bees. You should not prune your heliconias, as the 'stem' is actually made up of rolled leaf bases and the flowers emerge from the top of these 'pseudostems'. However, each stem will only flower once, so after flowering you can cut that stem out. This is recommended, to encourage more flowering, to increase airflow in between the stems of your plant, and also to generally tidy it up and improve the appearance. 9. Bog rosemary (Andromeda polifolia - 10. Amaryllis (Hippeastrum) This is another list of Plants toxic to bees, which includes:- |
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The following details come from Cactus Art:- "A flower is the the complex sexual reproductive structure of Angiosperms, typically consisting of an axis bearing perianth parts, androecium (male) and gynoecium (female). Bisexual flower show four distinctive parts arranged in rings inside each other which are technically modified leaves: Sepal, petal, stamen & pistil. This flower is referred to as complete (with all four parts) and perfect (with "male" stamens and "female" pistil). The ovary ripens into a fruit and the ovules inside develop into seeds. Incomplete flowers are lacking one or more of the four main parts. Imperfect (unisexual) flowers contain a pistil or stamens, but not both. The colourful parts of a flower and its scent attract pollinators and guide them to the nectary, usually at the base of the flower tube.
Androecium (male Parts or stamens) Gynoecium (female Parts or carpels or pistil)
 It is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary. Each pistil is constructed of one to many rolled leaflike structures.
The following details come from Nectary Genomics:- "NECTAR. Many flowering plants attract potential pollinators by offering a reward of floral nectar. The primary solutes found in most nectars are varying ratios of sucrose, glucose and fructose, which can range from as little a 8% (w/w) in some species to as high as 80% in others. This abundance of simple sugars has resulted in the general perception that nectar consists of little more than sugar-water; however, numerous studies indicate that it is actually a complex mixture of components. Additional compounds found in a variety of nectars include other sugars, all 20 standard amino acids, phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, vitamins, organic acids, oils, free fatty acids, metal ions and proteins. NECTARIES. An organ known as the floral nectary is responsible for producing the complex mixture of compounds found in nectar. Nectaries can occur in different areas of flowers, and often take on diverse forms in different species, even to the point of being used for taxonomic purposes. Nectaries undergo remarkable morphological and metabolic changes during the course of floral development. For example, it is known that pre-secretory nectaries in a number of species accumulate large amounts of starch, which is followed by a rapid degradation of amyloplast granules just prior to anthesis and nectar secretion. These sugars presumably serve as a source of nectar carbohydrate. WHY STUDY NECTAR? Nearly one-third of all worldwide crops are dependent on animals to achieve efficient pollination. In addition, U.S. pollinator-dependent crops have been estimated to have an annual value of up to $15 billion. Many crop species are largely self-incompatible (not self-fertile) and rely almost entirely on animal pollinators to achieve full fecundity; poor pollinator visitation has been reported to reduce yields of certain species by up to 50%." |
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The following details about DOUBLE FLOWERS comes from Wikipedia:- "Double-flowered" describes varieties of flowers with extra petals, often containing flowers within flowers. The double-flowered trait is often noted alongside the scientific name with the abbreviation fl. pl. (flore pleno, a Latin ablative form meaning "with full flower"). The first abnormality to be documented in flowers, double flowers are popular varieties of many commercial flower types, including roses, camellias and carnations. In some double-flowered varieties all of the reproductive organs are converted to petals — as a result, they are sexually sterile and must be propagated through cuttings. Many double-flowered plants have little wildlife value as access to the nectaries is typically blocked by the mutation.
There is further photographic, diagramatic and text about Double Flowers from an education department - dept.ca.uky.edu - in the University of Kentucky in America.
"Meet the plant hunter obsessed with double-flowering blooms" - an article from The Telegraph. |
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THE 2 EUREKA EFFECT PAGES FOR UNDERSTANDING SOIL AND HOW PLANTS INTERACT WITH IT OUT OF 10,000:-
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Choose 1 of these different Plant selection Methods:-
1. Choose a plant from 1 of 53 flower colours in the Colour Wheel Gallery.
2. Choose a plant from 1 of 12 flower colours in each month of the year from 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery.
3. Choose a plant from 1 of 6 flower colours per month for each type of plant:- Aquatic
4. Choose a plant from its Flower Shape:- Shape, Form
5. Choose a plant from its foliage:- Bamboo
6. There are 6 Plant Selection Levels including Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in Plants Topic.
or
7. when I do not have my own or ones from mail-order nursery photos , then from March 2016, if you want to start from the uppermost design levels through to your choice of cultivated and wildflower plants to change your Plant Selection Process then use the following galleries:-
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There are other pages on Plants which bloom in each month of the year in this website:-
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Look for:- |
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